The Subcommittee on Aviation has jurisdiction over all aspects of civil aviation, including safety, infrastructure, labor, and international issues. Within this scope of responsibilities, the Subcommittee has jurisdiction over the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a modal administration within the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT). This jurisdiction covers all programs within the FAA as well as aviation programs of the USDOT with respect to economic regulation of air carriers and passenger airline service. In addition, the Subcommittee has jurisdiction over commercial space transportation, the National Mediation Board, and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB).

Issues within the jurisdiction of the Subcommittee on Aviation include:

• Air traffic control modernization

• Air traffic management
• Certification of aircraft and equipment
• UAS traffic management
• Counter-UAS authorization, systems, and technology

• Airport capacity and infrastructure
• Airport Improvement Program grants
• Airspace matters
• Airline competition and antitrust issues
• Aviation safety
• Aviation security (issues that affect commerce and safety)

• Commercial aviation and air carrier operations (both passenger and cargo)
• Commercial space transportation and tourism
• Airline consumer protection and service
• Environmental requirements
• Essential Air Service and other small-community air service programs
• General aviation
• Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and other new aircraft

• International aviation
• National Mediation Board
• National Transportation Safety Board
• War risk insurance
• Use of navigable airspace