The U.S. Supreme Court will hear arguments Monday on a case concerning the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s ability to use the Clean Air Act to regulate greenhouse gas emissions.

Specifically, arguments will center on the permitting process by focusing on Massachusetts v. EPA—a 2007 ruling that supported the EPA’s authority, under the Clean Air Act, to limit emissions of greenhouse gases from vehicles.

Since then, the EPA has used that ruling to develop emissions standards for other sources, including power plants, chemical facilities, refineries and other facilities. The EPA has defended its regulatory expansion by claiming greenhouse gases are a danger to public health and welfare.

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