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“The 21st Century Full Employment and Training Act”

REPRESENTATIVE JOHN CONYERS, JR.

 
Background
 

The Full-Employment and Balanced Growth Act was signed into law by President Carter in 1978.  The law was the nation’s first attempt at officially establishing a national full-employment policy for the United States.  Although Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota and Representative Augustus Hawkins of California were the primary sponsors of the bill, the legislation was also supported by civil rights and labor organizations who saw the bill as a way to mitigate the economic hardships being felt by low-income Americans. 

 

The sponsors of the legislation intended that the Act would create a full-employment society brought about by direct hiring policies.  If the private sector was unable to create a full-employment society through gradual economic growth after 10 years, the Act would obligate the government to step in and create “last resort jobs” to fill the employment gap.

 

Unfortunately, the intent of the Act’s sponsors was frustrated when the bill reached the United States Senate, where a coalition of Republicans and pro-business Democrats were able to successfully weaken the bill.

Summary
 

Representative Conyers has introduced legislation that is tailored to fit our current economic realities, but which also embodies the spirit of the original Humphrey-Hawkins legislation: the “21st Century Full Employment and Training Act.”  The Act aims to create a full employment society over the next decade. 

 

The bill establishes targets for unemployment:

  • 9 percent unemployment after 6 months;
  • 8 percent unemployment after 2 years;
  • 6 percent unemployment after 5 years
  • 5 percent unemployment after 8 years
  • 4 percent unemployment (full employment) after 10 years.
 

The Act establishes of a Full Employment and Training Trust Fund” with two separate accounts.  These two accounts will direct funding to job creation and training programs.

If these unemployment benchmarks are not met, 90 percent of the funds in each account will be automatically disbursed.  

67 percent of all revenues deposited into the trust fund will accrue in the job creation grant program account 33 percent of the total funds will accrue in the job training trust account.       

 
 

Dual Job Creation Focus: Direct Jobs Grants and WIA Training Programs

 

The first trust fund account will direct funds to a new innovative direct jobs program.  Funds will be distributed by formula through the Department of Labor to larger cities, and to states to be passed through to smaller localities and rural areas.

 

The program would allocate funds based on the CDBG formula modified to consider unemployment data. Local elected officials who are closest to our communities and needs on the ground would work with community groups and labor leaders to identify critical projects and connect workers to projects right away.

Jobs could be located in the public sector, community-based not-for-profit organizations, and small businesses that provide community benefits.

The Program will adopt a two stage approach to ensure immediate job creation and allow for a longer term planning process that involves community input and a focus on education and career development.

The program will be open to individuals who are either:
  • Unemployed for at least 26 weeks; or
  • Unemployed for at least 30 days and low-income.
  • Positions will be for up to 30 hours per week, for up to 12 months. They will pay comparable or prevailing wages, averaging $12-15 per hour, as well as benefits.  Appropriate safeguards and strong anti-displacement protections will help to prevent substitution and ensure that workers are placed in new positions.
 

The second trust fund will distribute funds to job training programs covered  under the Workforce Investment Act.

These funds will fund innovative job training initiatives including 1-Stop Job Training Programs and the Job Corps.  

 
 
 
 

Revenue: Taxing Wall Street Speculation to Pay for Main Street Jobs

Revenue for the trust fund will be raised through a tax on Wall Street financial speculation, i.e. on stock and bond transactions.  The tax will cover:
  •   Stock transactions (tax rate will be 1/4 of 1 percent--0.25%),
  • Futures contracts to buy or sell a specified commodity of standardized quality at a certain date in the future, at a market determined price (tax rate will be 0.02%),
  • Swaps between two firms on certain benefits of one party's financial instrument for those of the other party's financial instrument (tax rate will be 0.02%)
  • Credit default swaps where a contract is swapped through a series of payments in exchange for a payoff if a credit instrument (typically a bond or loan) goes into default (fails to pay) (tax rate will be 0.02%),
  • And options, which are contracts between a buyer and a seller that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or to sell a particular asset on or before the option's expiration time, at an agreed price (at the rate of the underlying asset). 
 

For additional information, please contact Michael Darner on my staff at 202.225.5126 or michael.darner@mail.house.gov.

Related Files

  • HR 5204 bill text
    21stCenturyFullEmploymentandTrainingAct.pdf | 185.1 KBs

  • Full Employment Bill Summary
    The21stCenturyFullEmploymentandTraining_Act3pager.pdf | 84.8 KBs