Press Releases :: October 1, 2009
(Washington, DC) – Today, the Committee on Science and Technology’s Energy and Environment Subcommittee held a hearing on high energy and nuclear physics research at the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. The witnesses and Members discussed these research programs and their collaboration with related programs and projects carried out by the National Science Foundation and NASA as well as international partners. “This Subcommittee certainly supports basic research that may have uncertain or even unknowable outcomes, but we always need to be able to justify the level of that support,” said Subcommittee Chairman Brian Baird (D-WA). High energy physics is a branch of physics that studies the fundamental building blocks of matter and energy, and the interactions between them. It is called “high energy” because many of these particles do not occur under normal circumstances in nature, but can be created and detected during collisions of other particles, as is done in large research facilities known as particle accelerators. Research in high energy physics has led to a deep understanding of the physical laws that govern matter, energy, space, and time. Some of the outstanding questions involve the existence or nature of dark matter, dark energy, and the origin of mass. “In 1939, Albert Einstein sent a letter to FDR warning him of Germany’s advances in creating an atomic bomb,” said Subcommittee Vice Chairman Paul Tonko (D-NY), who chaired a portion of the hearing. “This spurred the president to begin the Manhattan Project, which gathered many of the greatest physicists of the 20th century from all over the world to successfully beat the Germans in a race of scientific and technological progress. After the end of the war, many of these physicists remained in the U.S. to resume their research in the basic nature of matter, energy, space, and time, a field also known as particle physics. Our country has historically supported significant research programs in these areas from this point forward.” Some of the key facilities for high energy physics are the: The hearing also examined DOE Office of Science’s Nuclear Physics program, which conducts research to understand all forms of nuclear matter. Nuclear matter consists of any number of clustered protons and neutrons which makes up the core of an atom called its nucleus. The fundamental particles that compose nuclear matter are each relatively well understood, but exactly how they fit together and interact to create different types of matter in the universe is still largely not understood. To answer the many remaining questions in this field, the program supports experimental and theoretical research, along with the development and operation of specially designed particle accelerators and other advanced technologies, to create, detect, and describe the different forms of nuclear matter that can exist in the universe, including those that are no longer found naturally. This is the third in a series of hearings on the DOE Office of Science. The Committee is moving towards a reauthorization next year. For more information, please see the Committee’s website. ### 111.119
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