Senators
Feinstein And Leahy And Representative McGovern
Introduce Joint Resolution Calling On The United States
To Sign International Treaty Banning Cluster Bombs
WASHINGTON (Tuesday, June 3)
– U.S. Senators Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.)
and Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.), and Representative James P. McGovern
(D-Mass.) Tuesday introduced a joint resolution calling on the
United States to sign on to a new treaty to ban the vast
majority of cluster munitions.
The resolution specifically calls
on the United States to “embrace efforts to protect innocent
civilians from cluster munitions and sign the Convention on
Cluster Munitions when it becomes open for signature in December
2008.”
In the treaty announced last week
in Dublin, Ireland, 111 nations agreed to stop producing and
using cluster munitions. The agreement also calls on signatories
to destroy all cluster munitions stockpiles within eight years.
The United States refused to sign on to the agreement.
The resolution is co-sponsored by
Senators Ben Cardin (D-Md.), Bernard Sanders (I-Vt.), Russ
Feingold (D-Wis.), and Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio).
“The United States should not sit
on the sidelines,” Senator Feinstein said. “The United
States should join the 111 other countries that have endorsed
this effort, and we should take a leadership role in bringing
other nations on board. Doing so is consistent with our values
and our national security interests.
“Simply put, this treaty will save
lives. There should be no place in our arsenal for cluster
munitions, which maim and kill innocent civilians.”
Senator Leahy said, “I am pleased
to join with Senator Feinstein in sponsoring a Joint Resolution
calling on the Administration to sign the Convention on Cluster
Munitions. This is an opportunity for the United States to show
global leadership in establishing a new international norm to
end the use of a weapon that continues to take a grim toll in
the lives and limbs of innocent civilians.
“One of the many lessons of wars
today is that so many are fought in the midst of civilian
populations. Far more can and should be done to reduce civilian
casualties and the anger and resentment they cause toward our
own troops. Cluster munitions, like landmines and even poison
gas, have some military utility. But weapons that are scattered
over a wide area, which often fail to detonate until triggered
by unsuspecting civilians, often children, have no place in the
21st Century.”
“Cluster munitions kill
indiscriminately,” Representative McGovern said.
“The United States should be leading the way in eliminating
these weapons; instead, the Bush Administration is dragging its
feet. That is not acceptable. I commend the dozens of nations
that have signed the treaty, and look forward to working with my
colleagues and the next Administration to add the United States
to that list.
Last year, Senators Leahy and
Feinstein led the effort to restrict the sale or transfer of
cluster bombs by the United States. Their language containing
these restrictions was part of the State and Foreign Operations
section of the Omnibus Appropriations Bill, signed into law by
the President in December. Leahy chairs the Appropriations
Subcommittee on State and Foreign Operations, which handled the
Senate’s work in writing the bill.
The measure specifically requires
that no funds will be used for the sale or transfer of cluster
munitions, unless:
·
The weapons have a failure rate of not more than 1 percent;
·
The sale or transfer agreement specifies that the weapons will
be used only against clearly defined military targets, and not
where civilians are known to be present.
The current U.S. arsenal contains
an estimated 5.5 million cluster bombs – or 728 million bomblets
– many of which have a failure rate of 1 percent or higher.
Following is the text of the
cluster munitions resolution:
Whereas Cluster munitions are
bombs, rockets, or artillery shells that contain up to hundreds
of small submunitions, or individual “bomblets” intended for
attacking enemy troop formations and armor.
Whereas cluster submunitions
threaten the safety of civilians, particularly children, when
used in populated areas because they are scattered over a wide
area and up to 40 percent fail to explode as designed, remaining
as duds that can be detonated by who ever comes into contact
with them.
Whereas according to the
nongovernmental organization Handicap International, civilians
make up 98 percent of those killed or injured by cluster
munitions of which more than 25 percent are children.
Whereas in Laos alone there are
millions of unexploded submunitions, left over from United
States bombing missions in the 1960s and 1970s, and
approximately 11,000 people, 30 percent of them children, have
been killed or injured since the war ended.
Whereas former Secretary of Defense
William Cohen recognized the threat cluster munitions pose to
civilians and United States troops alike and issued a memorandum
which became known as the Cohen Policy stating that beginning in
Fiscal Year 2005, all new United States cluster munitions would
have a failure rate of not more than one percent.
Whereas the United States maintains
an arsenal of an estimated 5.5 million cluster bombs containing
728 million submunitions which have estimated failure rates of
from 5 to 15 percent.
Whereas the State and Foreign
Operations division of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2008, signed into law on December 26, 2007 prohibits the sale or
transfer of cluster munitions, unless:
·
They have a 99 percent or higher tested rate; and
·
The sale or transfer agreement specifies that the cluster
munitions will only be used against clearly defined military
targets and will not be used where civilians are known to be
present.
Whereas in February 2007, 46 countries signed a declaration in
Oslo, Norway calling for an international convention to prohibit
the production, transfer, and stockpiling of cluster munitions
that cause unacceptable harm to civilians.
Whereas on May 30, 2008, 111 nations agreed to the Convention on
Cluster Munitions requiring parties to stop producing and using
cluster bombs and to eliminate their stockpiles within eight
years.
Whereas the Bush Administration declined to participate in the
Oslo negotiations.
Resolved that it is the Sense of the Senate that the United
States should embrace efforts to protect innocent civilians from
cluster munitions and sign the Convention on Cluster Munitions
when it becomes open for signature in December 2008.
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