World AIDS treatment program meets goal -- two years late
Even with 55% of global AIDS program dedicated to treatment, 23 million infected people will still need HIV drugs; Nearly two-thirds of infected pregnant women still not receiving treatment to prevent baby AIDS
By Thomas H. Maugh II
Los Angeles Times
June 3, 2008
Even with 55 percent of global AIDS spending directed towards treatment, “an additional 23 million are infected with HIV and will eventually need treatment,” according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) figures. And while treatment with a relatively inexpensive AIDS drug can prevent a pregnant woman from passing on the virus to her child, only 37 percent of the estimated 1.5 million pregnant women in the developing countries received AIDS drugs to prevent transmission of the virus during delivery. After they give birth, fewer than 10 percent of the new mothers continue to receive treatment and many die of AIDS, thus compounding the twin tragedies of baby AIDS and AIDS orphans.
Yet, instead of increasing the percentage of U.S. funding dedicated to treating those living with HIV, the House of Representatives has passed, and the Senate is considering a bill that retreats on the U.S. commitment to treatment by removing the current requirement that 55 percent of U.S. global AIDS spending be directed towards AIDS drugs and medical care.
Senators Coburn, Burr and Kyl have introduced a bill that would maintain treatment as the priority of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and seeks to once and for all end the number of children born with HIV or orphaned by AIDS.
World AIDS treatment program meets goal -- two years late
Nearly 3 million people in developing countries are now receiving antiretroviral drugs to treat AIDS, a treatment goal that health authorities had hoped to meet two years ago, according to a new report released Monday.
About 1 million people received the life-saving drugs for the first time during 2007, according to the report from UNAIDS, the World Health Organization and UNICEF.
During the same period, however, an additional 2.5 million people were infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, indicating that health agencies are not gaining ground on the deadly infections.
"We have to do better with prevention," said Dr. Kevin De Cock, director of the WHO's HIV/AIDS department.
The new numbers mark the attainment of the goal set in the widely publicized "3 by 5" program, which sought to have 3 million people receiving treatment by 2005.
That target was "excessively aspirational," De Cock said Monday in a telephone news conference.
"Reaching that target even two years late is quite a remarkable achievement," he said, adding that when the goal was set in 2003, fewer than half a million people were getting treatment.
Despite the improvements, an estimated 6.7 million additional people still need treatment. An additional 23 million are infected with HIV and will eventually need treatment, according to the latest WHO figures.
The agencies combined are now spending between $8 billion and $10 billion a year on AIDS programs, with about 55% of it going toward treatment, according to Elhadj As-Sy, director of the partnerships and external relations department of UNAIDS.
To achieve universal treatment, funding would have to grow to $35 billion in 2010 and $40 billion by 2015, according to the agencies.
One reason the number of people in treatment has increased is a decline in the price of AIDS drugs. Between 2004 and 2007, the cost of first-line treatments in the low- and middle-income countries fell by 30% to 64%, depending on the drug. But experts said similar price drops have not occurred among the second-line drugs that are used when the first treatments begin to fail. The nations referred to in the report are primarily in Africa and
Southeast Asia .
The agencies also have made substantial progress in preventing pregnant women from transmitting HIV to their babies, according to Patricia Doughty, a program manager for the United Nations Children's Fund, UNICEF.
During 2007, 37% of the estimated 1.5 million pregnant women in the developing countries received AIDS drugs to prevent transmission of the virus during delivery, up from only 10% in 2004.
"Many of the countries with the highest number of infected pregnant women are making excellent progress," she said.
In Swaziland, for example, the number of pregnant women receiving treatment increased to 57% last year from 5% in 2004, while in
Mozambique the number grew to 46% from 3%. Nonetheless, in 2007, nearly 400,000 children were newly infected.
In addition, the women are not faring well. After they give birth, fewer than 10% continue to receive treatment for their infections and many die of AIDS, Doughty said.
