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Legislative Issues title
 
Timeline of UN-Iraq-Coalition Incidents, 1991-2002
1991
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
2 Mar UNSC adopts RES 686 ordering cessation of hostilities    
3 Mar   Iraq accepts RES 686  
3 Apr UNSC adopts RES 687 outlining provisions of cease-fire and setting up inspections    
5 Apr UNSC adopts RES 688 ordering cessation of Baghdad's repression of Iraqi civilians    
6 Apr   Iraq accepts RES 687 US, UK, France begin enforcing no-fly zone covering territory north of 36th parallel
19 Apr UNSCOM is created to carry out RES 687    
15-21 May IAEA conducts first nuclear inspection in Iraq    
20 May UNSC adopts RES 692 establishing UN Compensation Fund / Commission    
9-15 Jun UNSCOM conducts first chemical weapons inspection    
17 Jun UNSC adopts RES 699 approving UN Secretary-General plan to eliminate Iraq's WMD programs    
17 Jun UNSC adopts RES 700 approving guidelines for monitoring Iraqi arms embargo    
23-28 Jun   Iraq caught attempting to conceal nuclear equipment  
28 Jun UNSC presidential statement condemns Iraq for flagrant violations of RES 687 in denying inspectors access    
30 Jun-7 Jul UNSCOM conducts first missile inspection    
2-8 Aug UNSCOM conducts first biological weapons inspection    
11 Aug UNSCOM begins reconnaissance flights over Iraq    
15 Aug UNSC adopts RES 705 stating that Gulf War compensation paid by Iraq shall not exceed 30% of annual value of oil exports    
15 Aug UNSC adopts RES 706 authorizing 6-month export of Iraqi petroleum products to finance purchase of humanitarian supplies Iraq has never accepted RES 706  
15 Aug UNSC adopts RES 707 demanding that Iraq halt all nuclear activities and provide full disclosure of weapons programs    
16 Aug   Iraq objects to RES 705 and 707  
6-24 September   Iraq blocks UNSCOM's use of helicopters on inspections, accepts on 24 Sept  
19 Sep UNSC adopts RES 712 addressing various aspects of Iraqi petroleum sales in RES 706 Iraq has never accepted RES 712  
21-30 Sep   Iraq refuses to allow IAEA inspectors to leave inspection site with nuclear documents  
11 Oct UNSC adopts RES 715 approving plans for system of ongoing monitoring to verify Iraqi compliance and to detect WMD reconstitution    
11 Dec   Iraq releases information on its nuclear program  

 

1992
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
19 Feb UNSC presidential statement endorses visit of UNSCOM chairman to Iraq to obtain unconditional Iraqi acceptance of UN resolutions    
28 Feb UNSC presidential statement deplores Iraq's failure to disclose WMD programs    
11 Mar UNSC presidential statement reviews Iraqi noncompliance with UN resolutions Iraqi Deputy Foreign Minister Aziz discusses compliance with UNSC  
19 Mar   Iraq agrees to provide UNSCOM full, final and complete declaration of its weapons program  
19 Jun UNSC presidential statement notes concern over Iraqi statements critical of boundary demarcation    
5-26 Jul   Iraq refuses to provide UNSCOM with access to the Ministry of Agriculture until the UNSC president's statement  
6 Jul UNSC presidential statement declares that Iraq is in material breach of RES 687    
26 Aug UNSC adopts RES 773 endorsing the work of the UN Iraq-Kuwait boundary demarcation commission    
27 Aug     No-fly zone covering territory below 32nd parallel in southern Iraq is created by coalition states in response to renewed Iraqi airstrikes against its civilian population
2 Oct UNSC adopts RES 778 designating proceeds of Iraqi petroleum sales to UN escrow account    
23 Nov UNSC presidential statement reviews Iraqi compliance with UN resolutions Iraqi Deputy Foreign Minister Aziz addresses UNSC and claims Iraqi compliance, criticizing RES 687  

 

1993
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
8 Jan UNSC presidential statement terms Iraqi restrictions of UN aircraft a material breach of RES 687 Iraq announces it cannot guarantee the safety of UN aircraft flying over Iraqi territory  
10 Jan   Iraq removes equipment from the Kuwaiti side of DMZ  
11 Jan UNSC presidential statement condemns Iraq for material breach of RES 687 in preventing UNSCOM from flying its own aircraft    
13 Jan     US, UK, France conduct air raids on Iraqi anti-aircraft missile sites and radar bases in southern Iraq
17 Jan     US fires missiles at industrial complex in suburban Baghdad
18-21 Jan     US and UK launch air raids against radar sites in southern and northern Iraq
5 Feb UNSC adopts RES 806 allowing UNIKOM to take direct action to prevent or redress violations in DMZ    
27 May UNSC adopts RES 833 reaffirming Kuwaiti border issues in RES 733; guarantees inviolability of border    
10 Jun   Iraq refuses to allow emplacement of UN monitoring cameras at weapons facilities  
18 Jun UNSC presidential statement terms Iraq's refusal of cameras material breach of RES 687, warns of serious consequences    
27 Jun     US launches cruise missile at Iraqi intelligence headquarters in retaliation for assassination plot against former President Bush
28 Jun UNSC presidential statement criticizes Iraqi statements on boundary demarcation    
19 Jul   Iraq agrees to emplacement of monitoring cameras following Rolf Ekeus visit to Baghdad  
16-20 Nov   Iraqi demonstrators cross into Kuwaiti territory protesting border demarcation  
23 Nov UNSC presidential statement terms Iraqi border violations breach of RES 687    
26 Nov   Iraq accepts RES 715  

 

1994

Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
4 Mar UNSC adopts RES 899 stating that compensation may be made to Iraqi citizens for loss of assets from demarcation of Iraq-Kuwait border    
6 Oct   Iraq threatens to cease cooperation with UNSCOM and the IAEA, moves troops towards Kuwaiti border  
7 Oct     US buildup of forces in region begins
8 Oct UNSC presidential statement expresses grave concern over Iraqi actions toward UNSCOM and Kuwait    
15 Oct UNSC adopts RES 949 condemning Iraq's large-scale deployment of military units toward Kuwaiti border    
20 Oct     US, UK issue demarche to Iraq prohibiting "enhancement" of military capabilities south of 32nd parallel, establishing no-drive zone
10 Nov   Iraq formally recognizes Kuwait and UN border demarcation in compliance with RES 833  
16 Nov UNSC presidential statement welcomes Iraqi recognition of Kuwait    

 

1995
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
14 Apr UNSC adopts RES 986 offering Iraq another opportunity to export petroleum products and to use proceeds to meet humanitarian needs    
15 Apr   Iraq rejects RES 986  
14 Jun   Iraq threatens to halt cooperation with UN by August if UNSCOM report is unfavorable  
1 Jul   Iraq admits for the first time existence of offensive biological weapons program  
4 Aug   Iraq submits "full, final, and complete declaration" on its biological weapons program  
8 Aug   Hussein Kamal—Saddam's son-in-law and figure in charge of Iraq's WMD effort—defects  
17 Aug   Iraq withdraws June deadline and admits that its biological weapons program is more extensive than previously acknowledged  
7 Nov   Iraq submits new declarations on its BW and CW programs to UNSCOM  
10 Nov Under UN mandate, Jordan intercepts shipment of Russian-origin missile gyroscopes intended for Iraq    

 

1996
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
8 Mar   Iraq refuses UNSCOM access to Ministry of Irrigation for 18 hours  
11 Mar   Iraq refuses UNSCOM access to Republican Guard training facility for 12 hours  
27 Mar UNSC adopts RES 1051 establishing export-monitoring mechanism and review for dual-use goods    
20 May   Iraq accepts RES 986  
11 Jun   Iraq denies UNSCOM access to Republican Guard facility and refuses to allow UNSCOM helicopter to monitor site  
12 Jun UNSC adopts RES 1060 demanding that Iraq grant immediate access to sites and terms Iraqi actions as clear violations of UN resolutions    
13 Jun   Iraq blocks UNSCOM access to two additional facilities  
14 Jun UNSC issues presidential statement sending Rolf Ekeus to Baghdad to secure access    
24 Jun UNSCOM reaches agreement with Iraq establishing procedures for inspections    
16 Jul   Iraq refuses UNSCOM access to two facilities  
23 Aug UNSC issues presidential statement terming Iraqi obstruction gross violation of Iraq's obligations    
3 Sep     US and UK expand southern no-fly zone to 33rd parallel and strike targets in response to Iraq's 31 August move into Kurdish-held territory
16 Nov   Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM removal of missile remnants  
30 Dec UNSC presidential statement deplores Iraqi refusal to allow removal of missile engines from Iraq    

 

1997
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
23 Feb   Iraq allows UNSCOM to remove Scud missile engines from Iraq  
early Jun   Iraq interferes with UNSCOM's aerial operations in four separate incidents  
10 Jun   Iraq blocks UNSCOM access to site for seven hours  
12 Jun   Iraq denies UNSCOM access to two sites  
13 Jun UNSC presidential statement deplores Iraq's interference with UN aerial inspections    
21 Jun UNSC adopts RES 1115 condemning "clear and flagrant violations" of relevant resolutions, suspends sanctions reviews    
17 Sep UNSC press statement expressing concern over Iraqi interference with inspections Iraqis video-taped burning documents at sensitive sites as inspectors wait at gate  
Sep/Oct   Iraq blocks UNSC access to presidential site  
23 Oct UNSC adopts RES 1134 condemning Iraq's noncompliance and threatens travel ban for Iraqi officials    
29 Oct UNSC presidential statement condemns Iraq's announcement and demands that it reverse its decision unconditionally Iraq states it will no longer accept US personnel in UNSCOM and demands that U-2 flights end  
2 Nov   Iraq warns that UNSCOM U-2 missions will fly "at their own risk"  
12 Nov UNSC adopts RES 1137 banning travel of Iraqi officials responsible for Iraq's obstruction of UNSCOM inspections    
13 Nov UNSCOM withdraws all personnel except for only a skeleton staff in Baghdad; UNSC presidential statement condemns Iraq Iraq demands that all US inspectors leave within 24 hours  
20 Nov   Iraq agrees to reverse decision to expel US UNSCOM inspectors  
22 Dec

UNSCOM inspects "sensitive sites" after Iraq delays entry; UNSC presidential statement terms Iraqi obstruction a clear violation of relevant UN resolutions

    

 

1998

Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
12 Jan   Iraq announces that it will bar further inspections by UNSCOM team led by Scott Ritter because of "imbalance" of US and UK inspectors  
14 Jan UNSC presidential statement declares Iraqi actions a clear violation    
16 Jan UNSCOM team led by Scott Ritter leaves Iraq    
20 Feb UNSC adopts RES 1153 expanding oil sales to $5.2 billion    
20-23 Feb UN Secretary-General visits Iraq and reaches an agreement with Baghdad for limited inspections of presidential sites    
2 Mar UNSC adopts RES 1154 endorsing agreement between UNSCOM Chief Ekeus and Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister Aziz, warns of severest consequences if Baghdad fails to heed agreement    
26 Mar-3 Apr UN inspectors accompanied by diplomats inspect presidential sites    
4 Apr   Iraq allows access to presidential sites  
14 May UNSC presidential statement on transition of IAEA to long-term monitoring    
19 Jun UNSC adopts RES 1175 authorizing the allocation of $300 million for oil spare parts    
5 Aug   Iraq's RCC and Ba'ath Party Command halt cooperation with UNSCOM and IAEA, end no-notice inspections; monitoring activities are allowed to continue  
9 Sep UNSC adopts RES 1194 condemning Iraq and suspending reviews of sanctions until UNSCOM is permitted to resume full operations    
31 Oct UNSC press statement condemns Iraq, calls move a flagrant violation of UN resolutions Saddam ends all cooperation with UNSCOM  
5 Nov UNSC adopts RES 1205 ordering Iraq to resume cooperation with UNSCOM    
14 Nov   Saddam allows UNSCOM to return to Iraq US airstrikes aborted after Saddam allows UNSCOM's return; US and UK threaten without full cooperation, they will strike without warning
9-14 Dec UNSCOM team obstructed during inspections of suspect sites    
15-16 Dec UNSCOM reports to UNSC that it is unable to perform disarmament mandate, withdraws inspectors    
6-19 Dec     Operation Desert Fox
19 Dec   Iraq declares that UNSCOM will never be allowed back in Iraq  

 

1999
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
4 Jan   Iraq advises UN that it will not renew visas for US and UK Oil-for-Food monitors because it could not guarantee their safety  
27 Jan Hans von Sponeck visits southern Iraq and reports on damage caused by air strikes    
3 Feb UN Secretary-General Annan orders all US and UK Oil-for-Food monitors out of Iraq    
Mar   Iraq rejects UN proposal for Hajj pilgrims  
Oct UNSC adopts RES 1266 allowing Iraq to exceed oil sales ceiling    
17 Dec UNSC adopts RES 1284 specifying conditions under which sanctions would be suspended; establishes United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) to continue UNSCOM's mandate; eliminates cap on Iraqi oil exports Iraq has yet to accept RES 1284  

 

2000
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
27 Jan Hans Blix is appointed chairman of UNMOVIC    
Mar   Iraq rejects UN proposal for Hajj pilgrims  
31 Mar UNSC adopts RES 1293 doubling allocations for oil spare parts    
7 Apr UNMOVIC chairman Blix submits organizational plan to UNSC    
13 Apr UNSC approves UNMOVIC organizational plan    
8 Jun UN Secretary-General reports that Iraq has sufficient revenues to take care of food and nutrition and solve health problems; UNSC adopts RES 1302 improving implementation of humanitarian program    
9 Nov   Iraq attempts to gain direct control over some oil  
20 Nov UN Sanctions Committee rejects Iraqi oil surcharge proposal    
30 Nov   Iraq rejects UN Secretary-General offer to discuss weapons inspections  
1 Dec   Iraq temporarily halts oil exports  

 

2001
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
2 Mar UN Secretary-General reports Iraq's underproduction of oil is affecting critical humanitarian programs    
7 Mar UN-Iraq talks in NY on renewing weapons inspections    
8 Apr   Iraq suspends oil production  
18 Apr UN-Iraq talks in NY on renewing weapons inspections    
20 Apr     US, UK strike mobile early warning radar in response to increasing Iraqi acts against coalition aircraft in the southern no-fly zone
1 May UN-Iraq talks in NY on renewing weapons inspections    
1 Jun UNSC adopts RES 1352 to revise economic sanctions to improve flow of civilian goods into Iraq    
3 Sep   Iraq orders 5 UN Oil-for-Food workers to leave Baghdad without consulting UN  

 

2002
Date United Nations Actions/
Security Council Resolution		 Iraqi Action Coalition Response
11 Feb UN Special Rapporteur visits Baghdad    
14 May UNSC adopts RES 1409, revised 300-page Goods Review List    
12 Sep UNSC begins discussion on Iraqi non-compliance with UN resolutions    
17 Sep   Iraq says it will permit UN weapons inspections  
8 Nov UNSC adopts RES 1441 outlining provisions for enhanced weapons inspections    
13 Nov   Iraq accepts RES 1441  
18 Nov UNMOVIC and IAEA chairman in Baghdad for technical talks    

(Source:  United States Department of State)

  
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