April 26th, 2002
By PATRICK BARTA
Staff Reporter of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL
Criticism of Fannie Mae continued to spread, as housing advocates made
new complaints that the government-sponsored mortgage company has been
working to undermine legislation to crack down on predatory lending.
The broadest objections came from Rep. Jan Schakowsky , D-Ill., who
sent a testy letter to Fannie Mae Chairman Franklin D. Raines on Thursday.
In it, she said she felt "a sense of personal betrayal" after learning
the company had asked to be left out of predatory-lending laws in California
and Georgia. The company later rescinded its request in Georgia and offered
support for the state's effort, but it was exempted in California. "You
should immediately instruct your lobbyist to support efforts to end predatory
lending, not stand in the way of reform," she wrote.
Rep. Schakowsky's letter also cited other states where she says the
company has sought or may seek such exemptions, including Florida, New
York and New Jersey. A Fannie Mae spokeswoman said that while the company's
loans were in fact exempted from liability in Florida, she said the company
isn't "actively seeking exemptions," including in New York or New Jersey.
"We're a national leader in this fight against predatory lending. We have
the same goals as the Congresswoman, and we will work with her" to continue
finding ways to crack down on unfair loans. Fannie Mae already has in-house
rules against certain predatory loans, although some housing advocates
think it doesn't go far enough.
Publicly traded, Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored enterprise, meaning
it operates under a government charter, which investors interpret as a
sign that the company has the implicit backing of the federal government.
Fannie Mae has been under fire from housing advocates who are questioning
the company's commitment to rein in predatory loans, which are loans with
excessive fees or high interest rates. Those recent complaints come on
top of renewed debates over whether Fannie Mae and its cousin Freddie Mac
are growing too fast; and lawmakers have introduced a bill that would require
the pair to register their securities with the Securities and Exchange
Commission as part of a bid to ensure the GSEs are as transparent to shareholders
as are other companies are.
Separately, one of the Federal Reserve's private-sector advisory groups
has placed GSEs on the agenda of its next quarterly meeting, set for next
Friday in Washington. The agenda was set by the Fed and executives of the
banks who serve on the committee, people familiar with the matter said,
though they refused to say what specific questions will be discussed. The
so-called GSEs have frequently been on the agenda of the group in the past,
and it isn't clear if the tone is any different than before. A Fed spokesman
refused to comment on the agenda for the coming meeting.
Monday, Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan suggested that investors might be
underestimating the risk associated with the companies' derivatives holdings.
Concerns also were raised by former Fed chief Paul Volcker Thursday during
an appearance before the Bond Market Association. In response to a question
about the recent criticism of the GSEs, Mr. Volcker said, "originally they
were not meant to dominate the mortgage market but to facilitate" its efficient
operation. "They've gone way beyond that over the years," he said.
Despite the mounting criticism and added scrutiny, it is unlikely that
Congress or regulators will take any adverse action against Fannie Mae
in the immediate future. And while Mr. Greenspan often has influence over
the political debate, he has no regulatory authority over Fannie and Freddie,
and can't change any policies by himself. But the letter from Rep. Schakowsky
, as well as the complaints from other housing advocates, suggest a small
crack in the foundation of the companies' support among liberal Democrats.
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